PA Speaker vs Horn Speaker: Qhov Sib Txawv Tseem Ceeb
Hauv kev lag luam suab thiab kev ceeb toom loj, cov lus hais txog cov transducers acoustic feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis meej pem. Lo lus "PA speaker" (Tus neeg hais lus rau pej xeem) feem ntau siv ua lub npe dav dav rau txhua lub tshuab hais lus uas txuas nrog lub tshuab suab faib tawm. Txawm hais tias kev lag luam suab dav dav feem ntau siv "PA speaker" los piav qhia txog txhua lub thawv suab txhawb nqa - suav nrog cov khoom siv suab paj nruag uas muaj lub suab raj - hauv kev lag luam suab faib tawm, nws feem ntau yog hais txog lub tshuab hais lus ncaj qha. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab hais lus PA ncaj qha thiab lub tshuab hais lus raj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau AV integrators, acousticians, thiab cov thawj coj chaw ua haujlwm nrog kev tsim cov kab ke uas ua tau raws li qhov kev nkag siab tshwj xeeb (feem ntau tsom mus rau Speech Transmission Index ntawm >0.50), kev npog, thiab cov kev cai ib puag ncig.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub thev naus laus zis no yog lawv txoj kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas lus rau huab cua ib puag ncig. Lub tshuab hais lus PA tus qauv feem ntau siv lub tshuab tsav tsheb txav mus los uas tau teeb tsa hauv lub thawv kaw lossis chaw nres nkoj. Tus qauv tsim no tso suab ncaj qha mus rau hauv ib puag ncig, muab qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov teb zaus dav (feem ntau 60 Hz txog 20,000 Hz) thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm lub suab. Qhov sib piv, lub tshuab hais lus horn siv lub tshuab tsav tsheb tshwj xeeb txuas nrog lub acoustic waveguide flared (lub horn). Qhov kev teeb tsa no ua haujlwm ua lub tshuab hloov pauv acoustic, phim qhov siab mechanical impedance ntawm tus tsav tsheb diaphragm rau qhov qis acoustic impedance ntawm huab cua ib puag ncig. Qhov no ua rau qhov ua tau zoo electro-acoustic siab tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov tsawg zaus rov ua dua (feem ntau dov tawm hauv qab 300 Hz).
Rau cov neeg tsim qauv, kev xaiv ntawm lub tshuab hais lus PA thiab lub tshuab hais lus horn yog kev xam raws li qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov chaw xa tawm. Qhov kev txiav txim siab nyob ntawm qib suab siab (SPL), lub suab nrov hauv pem teb, qhov deb ntawm qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm - txawm tias qhov ntawd yog suab paj nruag tom qab puv ntoob, kev ceeb toom lub suab, lossis lub suab khiav tawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb thiab kev npog suab
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab hais lus PA ib txwm muaj yog xa cov suab zoo tshaj plaws thoob plaws ntau zaus. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rov ua dua ob qho tib si cov suab paj nruag kaw thiab lub suab ntuj ntawm tib neeg lub suab. Vim tias cov tshuab hais lus PA ib txwm siv cov cones ncaj qha, lawv cov suab npog feem ntau dav thiab conical, feem ntau faib cov suab ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm 90 ° thiab 120 °. Qhov kev faib tawm dav dav no zoo heev rau kev npog thaj chaw nrog lub suab sib xws, muab qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab (qhov zoo tshaj plaws 8 txog 14 ko taw) thiab kev cuam tshuam acoustic raug tswj hwm kom raug.
Cov neeg hais lus Horn, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tsim los rau qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab nkag mus rau hauv. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog xa cov suab nrov, nqaim-band uas nkag siab tau zoo tshaj plaws hla kev deb lossis hla cov chaw uas muaj suab nrov heev. Lub suab nrov ntawm lub horn qhia txog tus qauv dispersion, uas feem ntau nqaim dua thiab tswj tau zoo heev - feem ntau txwv rau 60 ° los ntawm 40 ° lossis nruj dua, ua rau muaj qhov siab Directivity (Q) ntawm 10 txog 15. Qhov kev tsom mus rau qhov no ua rau lub zog acoustic sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib lub beam tshwj xeeb, txo qis acoustic nchuav rau hauv cov chaw tsis xav tau thiab txo qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov teb reverberant hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau.
Cov ntawv thov chaw nyob rau pej xeem thiab cov ntawv thov paging ib txwm muaj
Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, cov neeg hais lus PA feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv tsis siv neeg rau cov chaw uas lub suab zoo, kev sib koom ua ke zoo nkauj, thiab kev npog suab qis mus rau nruab nrab (feem ntau 70 txog 85 dB) yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb. Cov neeg sib koom ua ke siv cov neeg hais lus PA uas dai rau saum npoo, pendant, thiab qab nthab dav dav hauv cov khw muag khoom, chav sib tham hauv tuam txhab, chaw tos txais qhua, thiab cov chaw kawm. Hauv cov chaw no, lub kaw lus yuav tsum hloov pauv ntawm kev muab suab paj nruag keeb kwm yav dhau los (BGM) thiab lub suab nrov meej, ntuj tsim.
Cov neeg hais lus horn feem ntau yog siv rau kev lag luam, sab nraum zoov, thiab kev nyab xeeb rau lub neej uas cov suab nrov thiab kev ciaj sia hloov cov suab paj nruag zoo. Lawv yog cov qauv hauv cov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov chaw ua si nawv, thiab cov tshuab ceeb toom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev hauv nroog. Hauv lub Hoobkas tsim khoom nrog lub suab nrov ntawm 85 txog 90 dB (A), tus neeg hais lus PA tus qauv feem ntau yuav raug dej nyab lossis tsav mus rau qhov tsis ua haujlwm sim kov yeej lub suab nrov. Txawm li cas los xij, tus neeg hais lus horn tuaj yeem yooj yim tsim cov zis siab tshaj plaws 105 txog 115 dB (A) kom ua tiav qhov xav tau +10 dB txog +15 dB teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv rau kev nkag siab.kev ceeb toom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceevNws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau tseg tias qhov kev faib sab hauv tsev / sab nraum zoov no tsis yog qhov tseeb; cov neeg hais lus PA uas tiv taus huab cua feem ntau siv sab nraum zoov rau lub suab zoo, thaum cov neeg hais lus horn feem ntau raug xa mus rau hauv tsev hauv qhov chaw nrov nrov, qhov chaw zoo li cov dej khov lossis cov tsev rau khoom.
Lub PA Speaker yog dab tsi?
Lub tshuab hais lus PA, hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub suab faib tawm lag luam, txhais tau hais tias lub tshuab hais lus ncaj qha uas tsim los rov ua dua ntau yam suab nrov rau kev tshaj tawm dav dav. Cov tshuab hais lus PA lag luam uas tau teeb tsa feem ntau yog tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li hauv 70V lossis 100V cov tes hauj lwm faib hluav taws xob tas mus li. Qhov no tso cai rau ntau kaum lossis txawm tias ntau pua lub tshuab hais lus kom raug daisy-chained hla lub chaw loj siv cov xov hlau me me (feem ntau 16 txog 18 AWG), kov yeej qhov poob loj heev uas yuav tshwm sim nrog cov xov hlau qis-impedance (8-ohm) hla cov cable khiav ntau dua 100 txog 200 ko taw.
Feem ntau, lub tshuab hais lus PA uas muag hauv khw yuav tsum muaj lub thawv uas ua los ntawm cov yas ABS uas txhaj tshuaj, cov fiberboard nruab nrab (MDF), lossis hlau. Hauv lub thawv, ib lossis ntau lub tshuab hloov pauv tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub baffle pem hauv ntej. Lub thawv no tiv thaiv cov suab nrov uas tawm ntawm theem uas tsim los ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm lub khob hais lus kom tsis txhob qhwv ib puag ncig thiab tshem tawm cov suab nrov uas tsim los ntawm sab pem hauv ntej, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov zaus qis thiab qis dua.
Txhawm rau sib txuas lus nrog cov tes hauj lwm suab faib tawm, cov neeg hais lus PA lag luam tau nruab nrog cov hloov pauv sib phim kab sib xyaw ua ke. Cov hloov pauv no muaj ntau lub kais tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, 1.5W, 3W, 6W, 15W, 30W), uas tso cai rau tus neeg sib koom ua ke los kho qhov wattage uas txhua tus neeg hais lus rub. Lub peev xwm no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib npaug ntawm SPL theem thoob plaws thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm lub tsev.
Yuav ua li cas cov neeg hais lus PA rov ua dua cov lus thiab suab paj nruag
Yuav kom ua tiav qhov teb zaus dav thiab tiaj tus, cov neeg hais lus PA lag luam feem ntau siv ob txoj kev tsim suab. Qhov kev teeb tsa no faib cov teeb liab suab ua ob lub zaus sib txawv siv lub network crossover sab hauv (feem ntau hla ntawm 2.5 kHz thiab 3.5 kHz). Cov zaus qis thiab nruab nrab raug xa mus rau lub woofer cone loj dua (feem ntau yog 4 txog 8 nti hauv txoj kab uas hla), thaum cov zaus siab raug xa mus rau lub tweeter me dua (feem ntau yog 0.75 txog 1 nti).
Los ntawm kev faib cov haujlwm ntawm cov transducers uas tau kho kom zoo rau lawv cov zaus sib txawv, cov neeg hais lus PA ob txoj kev tuaj yeem ua dua ob qho tib si cov suab nrov bass tob uas xav tau rau cov suab paj nruag pem hauv ntej thiab cov suab tseem ceeb uas tsim nyog rau kev nkag siab lub suab. Lub network crossover ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv zoo ntawm cov tsav tsheb, tswj lub suab nrov ntuj uas tiv thaiv tus mloog kom tsis txhob nkees thaum lub sijhawm ua si ntev.
Zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv sab hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam
Vim tias lawv zoo heev ntawm kev tsim cov suab nrov tag nrho nrog kev sib kis dav, cov neeg hais lus PA yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw ua lag luam uas lub suab nrov hauv pem teb qis dua (feem ntau qis dua 65 txog 70 dB (A)). Cov chaw muag khoom vam khom cov neeg hais lus no los tsim kom muaj huab cua zoo nkauj los ntawm cov suab paj nruag keeb kwm yav dhau los, tib lub sijhawm siv lawv rau kev xa ntawv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov chaw ua lag luam siv cov neeg hais lus PA uas tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qab nthab hauv chav tos txais qhua thiab txoj kev hauv tsev kom muab kev paub zoo txog kev hnov lus.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov neeg hais lus PA tau tsim los nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv vaj tsev. Cov chaw tsim khoom muab cov khoom no hauv cov qauv qis-profile-recessed qab nthab, pendant spheres rau qhib-architecture qab nthab, thiab sleek surface-mount cabinets. Txawm hais tias ib txwm pom tias yog cov kev daws teeb meem sab hauv tsev, ntau lub PA niaj hnub no muaj cov khoom siv weathered, ua rau lawv haum rau sab nraum zoov noj mov patios thiab cov chaw ua si uas lub suab fidelity tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Lub Tshuab Hais Lus Horn Yog Dab Tsi
Lub tshuab hais lus horn yog ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb uas tsim los kom ua kom lub suab tso tawm tau zoo tshaj plaws, kev tso tawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Tsis txhob cia siab rau lub khob loj, ncaj qha-radiating, lub tshuab hais lus horn siv lub diaphragm me me, khov kho nyob hauv lub tshuab tsav compression. Lub tshuab tsav no tau txuas nrog lub caj pas nqaim ntawm lub acoustic waveguide (feem ntau yog 1-nti lossis 2-nti tawm txoj kab uas hla) - lub qauv horn flared uas muab lub cuab yeej nws lub npe.
Tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab hais lus horn yog nws lub peev xwm ua qhov sib phim acoustic impedance. Lub tshuab tsav compression tsim cov suab nthwv dej ntawm qhov siab heev hauv lub caj pas nqaim ntawm lub horn. Thaum cov suab nthwv dej mus rau sab nraud los ntawm qhov nthuav dav, qhov siab txo qis thaum lub zog ntawm cov khoom me me nce ntxiv, sib phim zoo nrog qhov impedance ntawm huab cua qhib. Qhov kev ua zoo li transformer no tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam acoustic loj heev, tso cai rau yuav luag txhua lub zog acoustic kom raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej.
Vim yog qhov ua tau zoo no, cov neeg hais lus horn xav tau lub zog hluav taws xob tsawg dua los tsim cov suab siab dua piv rau cov neeg hais lus PA ib txwm muaj. Ib lub neeg hais lus horn feem ntau tuaj yeem tsim tau 105 dB txog 110 dB ntawm cov zis los ntawm ib lub watt ntawm lub zog amplifier ntsuas ntawm ib 'meter', piv rau tsuas yog 85 txog 90 dB rau lub neeg hais lus cone txheem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zaus qis tshaj plaws uas lub horn tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ncig ntawm nws lub qhov ncauj. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov paging horns lag luam tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov zaus bass qis, ua rau muaj lub suab profile tsom mus rau qhov nruab nrab thiab cov zaus siab (feem ntau 300 Hz txog 8,000 Hz).
Yuav ua li cas lub horn loading ua rau lub projection nce ntxiv
Lub suab nrov ntawm lub horn hloov pauv qhov kev coj ntawm lub suab nrov. Thaum lub tshuab tsav lub cone liab qab ua rau lub zog acoustic tawg mus rau txhua qhov kev taw qhia, cov phab ntsa khov kho ntawm lub horn waveguide txwv lub suab nrov, yuam nws mus rau hauv ib qho qauv kev npog tshwj xeeb, kwv yees tau. Los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub zog suab kom tsis txhob tawg mus rau hauv thaj chaw sib ze, lub horn ua kom tag nrho lub zog acoustic muaj nyob ncaj nraim raws nws lub axis tseem ceeb.
Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub zog no ua rau cov neeg hais lus horn tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov deb loj heev, feem ntau tso tawm cov lus hais uas nkag siab tau 50 txog 150 meters lossis ntau dua. Kev tsim lub cev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov suab nrov siab tseem sib xws, ua rau cov zaus tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg hais lus (2 kHz txog 4 kHz) ntaus hla cov chaw ntom ntom thiab nrov nrov zoo dua li qhov chaw suab dav dav.
Zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv sab nraum zoov thiab kev lag luam
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg hais lus horn ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw sab nraum zoov thiabcov ntawv thov kev lag luam hnyavNyob rau hauv cov chaw xws li chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, chaw nres nkoj xa khoom, thiab cov chaw ua ntoo, kev tshaj tawm xov xwm mus deb heev yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm. Lub suab nrov ntawm lub tshuab raj yuav lim tawm lub suab nrov qis ntawm cov cav diesel thiab cov tshuab hnyav, kom ntseeg tau tias lub suab paging teeb liab nyob hauv qhov chaw sib txawv, hnov lus hauv lub spectrum acoustic.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov neeg hais lus horn yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov. Vim tias lub diaphragm mos mos tau kaw ruaj ntseg hauv lub plhaub hnyav ntawm tus tsav tsheb compression, nws tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov huab cua. Feem ntau cov neeg hais lus horn lag luam yog tsim los ntawm UV-resistant ABS yas, spinned txhuas, lossis fiberglass, yooj yim ua tiav IP66 lossis IP67 qib thiab ua haujlwm hauv qhov kub thiab txias heev (piv txwv li, -40 ° C txog + 60 ° C). Qhov no ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov chaw nyob hauv dej hiav txwv, kev teeb tsa huab cua hnyav, thiabcov chaw tsim khoom txaus ntshai.
Kev Sib Piv Txog Cov Lus Qhia
Thaum ntsuam xyuas cov neeg hais lus PA piv rau cov neeg hais lus horn rau kev tsim suab lag luam, cov neeg koom ua ke AV vam khom cov txheej txheem electro-acoustic los kwv yees kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus. Cov software ua qauv suab, xws li EASE (Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers), siv cov lus qhia no los tsim cov ntawv qhia kub ntawm cov suab nrov thiab cov qhab nia nkag siab thoob plaws cov qauv 3D digital ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog kev teb zaus, qhov rhiab heev (SPL ntawm 1W / 1m), lub kaum sab xis nominal, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm Speech Transmission Index (STI). Ntxiv mus, cov lus qhia lub cev thiab hluav taws xob qhia txog kev siv tau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tag nrho tus nqi ntawm kev muaj nyob thoob plaws nws lub neej ua haujlwm.
| Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Lus Qhia | Tus Neeg Hais Lus PA Txheem (Nto/Qab nthab) | Lub Tshuab Hais Lus Horn (Paging/Industrial) |
|---|---|---|
| Kev Teb Zaus | 60 Hz - 20,000 Hz (Tag Nrho) | 250 Hz – 10,000 Hz (Lub Suab Hu) |
| Kev rhiab heev (1W / 1m) | 85 dB txog 95 dB | 105 dB txog 115 dB |
| Lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev pab them nqi | 90° txog 120° (Conical/Dav) | 40° txog 60° (Kev Taw Qhia Siab) |
| Cov kais fais fab ib txwm muaj | 1.5W, 3W, 6W, 15W, 30W | 7.5W, 15W, 30W, 60W, 100W |
| Cov Ntaub Ntawv Siv Tseem Ceeb | BGM, FGM, Kev Sau Ntawv Sab Hauv Tsev | Kev Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Kub Ntxhov, Sab Nraum Zoov |
| Kev Ntsuas IP Ib Txwm Muaj | IP20 txog IP44 (Sab Hauv Tsev/Hauv Paus) | IP66 txog IP67 (Huab Cua Hnyav) |
| Cov Khoom Siv Rau Hauv | MDF, ABS sib dua, Cov kaus poom hlau rov qab | Hnyav-duty ABS, Aluminium, Fiberglass |
Kev teb zaus, SPL, thiab lub kaum sab xis npog
Raws li tau piav qhia hauv qhov kev sib piv cov lus qhia, qhov teb zaus dav ntawm tus qauv PA hais lus tso cai rau kev tsim suab paj nruag nplua nuj, tab sis qhov muaj peev xwm puv ntoob no xav tau lub zog amplifier ntau dua (feem ntau yog 15W txog 30W ib tus hais lus) kom ua tiav SPLs siab. Nws lub kaum sab xis dav txhais tau tias suab ploj mus sai dua ntawm qhov deb, ua raws li txoj cai inverse square (-6 dB ib ob npaug ntawm qhov deb).
Cov neeg hais lus Horn ua haujlwm ntawm cov lej sib txawv kiag li. Lawv cov lus teb zaus luv luv zoo meej rau tib neeg lub suab. Vim tias lub zog tsis raug pov tseg los tsim cov zaus qis uas siv zog ntau, qhov rhiab heev yog siab heev. Ua ke nrog lub kaum sab xis nruj, qhov SPL hauv zos no tau taw qhia rau qhov chaw uas nws xav tau nrog kev siv zog tsawg kawg nkaus (feem ntau ua tiav lub hom phiaj SPLs nrog tsuas yog 2W txog 5W ntawm lub zog tapped).
Kev nkag siab, qhov deb ntawm pov, thiab suab paj nruag zoo
Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub suab lag luam raug ntsuas los ntawm kev siv Speech Transmission Index (STI), uas yog qhov ntsuas txij li 0.0 txog 1.0. Cov cai kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub neej (xws li NFPA 72 lossis EN 54-24) feem ntau xav tau STI tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 0.45 txog 0.50 rau cov tswb ceeb toom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Hauv cov chav uas kho suab nrov, cov neeg hais lus PA tau txais cov qhab nia STI zoo heev (feem ntau >0.60). Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov chaw loj, uas muaj suab nrov nrov, qhov kev sib kis dav dav ntawm lub neeg hais lus PA ua rau lub suab nrov nrov hauv chav zoo siab, ua rau muaj cov suab rov qab sib tshooj uas ua rau STI puas tsuaj loj heev.
Cov neeg hais lus horn zoo heev ntawm kev tswj cov qhab nia STI siab dhau qhov deb ntev hauv cov chaw suab nrov tsis zoo. Los ntawm kev txwv lub zog acoustic rau ntawm lub teeb nqaim, lub neeg hais lus horn txo qis qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qab nthab thiab phab ntsa sab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov profile acoustic no ua rau cov neeg hais lus horn feem ntau tsis haum rau kev ua si suab paj nruag zoo, vim tias tsis muaj bass thiab qhov nruab nrab uas hais ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau tus mloog nkees yog tias siv rau suab paj nruag tom qab tas mus li.
Tus nqi, lub neej ntev, thiab tus nqi siv tau ntev
Los ntawm kev siv nyiaj peev (CAPEX), cov neeg hais lus PA ua lag luam feem ntau pheej yig dua ib chav (feem ntau yog $ 40 txog $ 150 USD) dua li cov neeg hais lus horn hnyav rau kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv lub neej siv tau ntev nyob ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig; kev siv cov neeg hais lus PA sab hauv tsev hauv cov chaw muaj av noo siab lossis sab nraum zoov yuav tsum tau hloov ntau zaus (feem ntau ua tsis tiav hauv 2 txog 3 xyoos).
Cov neeg hais lus Horn sawv cev rau kev nqis peev thawj zaug siab dua ($ 100 txog $ 400+ USD) tab sis muab kev ruaj khov thiab lub neej ntev dua hauv cov chaw nyuaj, feem ntau muaj lub neej ua haujlwm 15- txog 20-xyoo. Cov ntaub ntawv xws li UV-stabilized polycarbonate thiab spun aluminium yog cov khoom siv tiv taus kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib puag ncig. Ntxiv mus, ntau lub tshuab tsav tsheb compression siab kawg muaj cov diaphragms suab-hloov tau, tso cai rau cov kws kho tshuab kho lub tshuab tsav tsheb tawg rau ib feem ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab hais lus tshiab.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Lub Tshuab Hais Lus Zoo
Kev xaiv cov thev naus laus zis hais lus kom haum yog ib qho txheej txheem ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov qauv suab, kev txwv kev tsim hluav taws xob, thiab cov cai ua raws li kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub neej. Cov neeg koom ua ke yuav tsum tsim ib qho array faib uas muab kev npog sib npaug, ua tau raws li qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb liab thiab suab nrov (lub hom phiaj tus qauv yog +10 dB txog +15 dB saum toj no suab nrov ib puag ncig), thiab koom ua ke nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas twb muaj lawm kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Cov theem tsim qauv yuav tsum pib nrog kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw kom meej lossis kev tshuaj xyuas cov qauv vaj tsev. Kev tsim qauv suab yog qhov pom zoo heev rau cov chaw nyuaj kom kwv yees seb qhov kev coj ntawm lub suab raj lossis qhov kev sib kis dav dav ntawm lub tshuab hais lus PA yuav cuam tshuam li cas nrog cov ciam teb ntawm chav.
Txuas hom neeg hais lus rau ib puag ncig thiab cov neeg mloog
Qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb thawj zaug yog kev sib phim lub transducer rau lub suab nrov ib puag ncig thiab cov neeg tuaj saib cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov neeg sib koom ua ke yuav tsum ntsuas qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub suab nrov ib puag ncig (hauv dB-A) ntawm qhov chaw.
| Ib puag ncig | Lub Suab Nrov Ib Txwm Muaj (dB-A) | Hom Neeg Hais Lus Pom Zoo | Lub Hom Phiaj Paging SPL (dB-A) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chaw Ua Haujlwm / Tsev Qiv Ntawv | 40 dB – 50 dB | Qab nthab/Nto PA | 55 dB – 65 dB |
| Khw Muag Khoom / Tsev Noj Mov | 60 dB – 70 dB | Qab nthab/Pendant PA | 75 dB – 85 dB |
| Chaw Nres Tsheb Hauv Nroog | 75 dB – 85 dB | Lub Horn Qhia | 90 dB – 100 dB |
| Chaw Tsim Khoom / Chaw Tsheb Ciav Hlau | 85 dB – 95+ dB | Lub Horn Muaj Zog Siab | 100 dB – 110+ dB |
Yog tias qhov chaw ib puag ncig yog pem teb khw muag khoom nrog lub suab nrov ntawm 65 dB, lub network ntawm cov neeg hais lus PA uas tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qab nthab yuav yooj yim muab cov nplooj ntawv meej thaum tswj hwm qhov teb dav dav uas xav tau rau cov suab paj nruag keeb kwm yav dhau los siab.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias qhov chaw ib puag ncig yog lub tsev nres tsheb hauv nroog uas muaj suab nrov ntawm 85 dB vim muaj tsheb coob, lub tshuab hais lus PA yuav tsis xa cov lus meej. Lub kaw lus yuav tsum siv cov tshuab hais lus horn uas tsom mus rau txoj kev tsav tsheb kom txiav lub suab nrov ntawm lub cav thiab tswj lub zog acoustic, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob dhia tawm ntawm cov pob zeb. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov neeg mloog tsuas yog xav tau hnov cov lus qhia kom khiav tawm lossis cov lus ceeb toom kev ruaj ntseg kom meej.
Tshawb xyuas lub zog, impedance, huab cua ntsuas,
thiab cov kev cai teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab mus ntev. Thaum cov kev xav tau suab tau raug ua tiav, xyuas kom meej tias lub tso suab xaiv tau sib haum nrog lub zog ntawm lub amplifier (tswj hwm 20% tsawg kawg nkaus headroom margin) thiab lub cev impedance qauv (piv txwv li, 70V/100V vs. 8-ohm). Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ntsuas IP (Ingress Protection). Thaum cov tso suab horn zoo heev hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, ntau lub tuam txhab tam sim no muab cov tso suab PA uas tiv taus huab cua, IP55-rated ncaj qha rau sab nraum zoov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tso suab horn feem ntau raug xa mus rau hauv tsev hauv cov chaw nrov nrov, reverberated xws li cov chaw tsim khoom. Thaum kawg, qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub tso suab PA thiab lub tso suab horn los txog rau kev sib npaug ntawm lub suab fidelity tawm tsam cov zis raw thiab directivity. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam lub suab nrov ambient, qhov deb pov tseg uas xav tau, thiab cov ntsiab lus suab tseem ceeb, cov neeg tsim qauv system tuaj yeem siv cov thev naus laus zis zoo rau kev sib txuas lus meej thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb
- Siv cov neeg hais lus PA uas tawm ncaj qha thaum koj xav tau kev pab dav dav, ntuj rau lub suab thiab suab paj nruag thoob plaws ntau zaus, feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 60 Hz txog 20,000 Hz.
- Siv cov tshuab raj thaum qhov tseem ceeb yog kev tso suab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov deb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrov nrov, sab nraum zoov, lossis chaw ua haujlwm.
- Npaj kev them nqi los ntawm kev faib tawm: ntau lub tshuab hais lus PA nthuav tawm lub suab li ntawm 90 ° txog 120 °, thaum cov tshuab hais lus horn tuaj yeem tsom cov zis tawm mus txog li 60 ° los ntawm 40 ° lossis nruj dua.
- Rau cov ntawv thov ceeb toom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab pawg neeg coob, tsim ib puag ncig cov hom phiaj pom tseeb xws li STI siab dua 0.50 es tsis yog qhov nrov nrov xwb.
- Tsis txhob siv cov neeg hais lus horn ua cov neeg hais lus suab paj nruag puv ntoob vim tias ntau tus qauv poob qhov tso zis qis qis dua li 300 Hz.
- Txuas hom lub tso suab rau qhov chaw, suav nrog lub suab nrov ib puag ncig, qhov deb ntawm lub tso suab, qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab, kev raug huab cua, thiab cov kev cai ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
Lub tshuab hais lus PA puas zoo ib yam li lub tshuab hais lus horn?
Tsis yog li ntawd. Lub tshuab hais lus PA feem ntau yog ib lo lus dav, tab sis hauv kev faib suab nws feem ntau txhais tau tias yog lub tshuab hais lus ncaj qha. Lub tshuab hais lus horn siv lub tshuab tsav compression thiab lub tshuab raj flared los tso suab kom deb dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.
Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum xaiv lub tshuab hais lus horn?
Xaiv lub tshuab raj rau kev hu xov tooj deb, kev ceeb toom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thaj chaw sab nraum zoov, lossis cov chaw ua lag luam uas muaj suab nrov uas kev hais lus thiab kev tso suab tseem ceeb dua li qhov zoo ntawm suab paj nruag.
Thaum twg lub tshuab hais lus PA zoo dua?
Lub tshuab hais lus PA txheem zoo dua rau kev npog suab dav dua, ntuj dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov twg xav tau suab paj nruag, kev tshaj tawm, thiab kev tsim lub suab sib npaug hauv chaw ua haujlwm, tsev kawm ntawv, khw muag khoom, lossis cov chaw sab hauv tsev.
Vim li cas cov neeg hais lus horn thiaj li nrov heev hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm?
Cov neeg hais lus Horn ua haujlwm tau zoo, coj kev, thiab muaj peev xwm txiav cov suab nrov siab. Qhov no ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev khawb av, roj thiab roj av, kev thauj mus los, kev tsim kho, kev caij nkoj, thiab lwm yam chaw nyob nyuaj.
Cov neeg hais lus horn puas ua suab bass zoo?
Feem ntau tsis muaj. Cov neeg hais lus Horn tau tsim kho kom zoo rau kev hais lus thiab feem ntau dov tawm sai sai hauv qab li 300 Hz, thaum ntau tus neeg hais lus PA tuaj yeem npog ntau yam dav dua, feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 60 Hz txog 20,000 Hz.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-18-2026